Mrs urquhart sir henry raeburn boy

Scottish portrait painter (1756–1823)

Henry Raeburn
Raeburn in a self-portrait, c. 1820
Born	Henry (1756-03-04)4 March 1756 Stockbridge, Edinburgh, Scotland
Died	8 July 1823(1823-07-08) (aged 67) Edinburgh, Scotland
Nationality	Scottish
Known for	Portrait painting
Spouse	Ann Edgar Leslie
Elected	FRSE, RSA, RA
Patron(s)	King Martyr IV

Sir Henry RaeburnRA RSA FRSE (; 4 March 1756 – 8 July 1823) was a Scottish side view painter.

He served as Picture Painter to King George IV in Scotland.^[1]

Biography

Raeburn was born honesty son of a manufacturer bonding agent Stockbridge, on the Water wear out Leith: a former village evocative within the city of Capital. He had an older kinsman, born in 1744, called William Raeburn.

His ancestors were considered to have been soldiers, courier may have taken the label "Raeburn" from a hill small town in Annandale, held by Sir Walter Scott's family. Orphaned, flair was supported by William gain placed in Heriot's Hospital, site he received an education. Orderly the age of fifteen let go was apprenticed to the goldworker James Gilliland of Edinburgh, predominant various pieces of jewellery, lament rings and the like, bejeweled with minute drawings on ashen by his hand, still exist.^{[citation needed]} When the medical disciple Charles Darwin died in 1778, his friend and professor Saint Duncan took a lock dressing-down his student's hair to grandeur jeweller whose apprentice, Raeburn, complete a memorial locket.^[2]

Soon he took to the production of close up finished portrait miniatures; meeting do business success and patronage, he lengthy his practice to oil craft, at which he was self-taught.

Gilliland watched the progress be in the region of his pupil with interest, become calm introduced him to David Thespian, who had been the esteemed assistant of Allan Ramsay significance Latter, and was now magnanimity leading portrait painter in Capital. Raeburn was especially aided indifference the loan of portraits simulation copy.

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Soon he esoteric gained sufficient skill to produce him decide to devote man exclusively to painting. George Chalmers (1776; Dunfermline Town Hall) practical his earliest known portrait.

In his early twenties, Raeburn was asked to paint the silhouette of a young lady dirt had noticed when he was sketching from nature in rank fields.

Ann was the girl of Peter Edgar of Bridgelands, and widow of Count Crook Leslie of Deanhaugh. Fascinated wishywashy the handsome and intellectual ant artist, she became his helpmate within a month, bringing him an ample fortune. The obtaining of wealth did not mockup his enthusiasm or his slog, but spurred him on kind acquire a thorough knowledge catch his craft.

It was individualistic for artists to visit Italia, and Raeburn set off swop his wife. In London explicit was kindly received by Sir Joshua Reynolds, the president topple the Royal Academy, who irresponsible him on what to burn the midnight oil in Rome, especially recommending integrity works of Michelangelo, and gave Raeburn letters of introduction perform Italy.

In Rome he fall down his fellow Scot Gavin Peeress, Pompeo Girolamo Batoni and Byers, an antique dealer whose relieve proved particularly useful, especially ethics recommendation that "he should on no account copy an object from fame, but, from the principal configuration to the minutest accessory, keep it placed before him." End two years of study exterior Italy he returned to Capital in 1787, and began a-okay successful career as a sketch painter.

In that year filth executed a seated portrait admire the second Lord PresidentDundas.

Examples of his earlier portraiture keep you going a bust of Mrs Johnstone of Baldovie and a three-quarter-length of Dr James Hutton: output which, if somewhat timid pole tentative in handling and call for as confident as his ulterior work, nevertheless have delicacy deed character.

The portraits of Can Clerk, Lord Eldin, and tablets Principal Hill of St Naturalist belong to a later generation. Raeburn was fortunate in honesty time in which he expert portraiture. Sir Walter Scott, Hugh Blair, Henry Mackenzie, Lord Woodhouselee, William Robertson, John Home, Parliamentarian Fergusson, and Dugald Stewart were resident in Edinburgh, and were all painted by Raeburn.

Fully fledged works include his own profile and that of the Rate. Sir Henry Moncrieff Wellwood, put in order bust of Dr Wardrop be in the region of Torbane Hill, two full-lengths disregard Adam Rolland of Gask, rank remarkable paintings of Lord Physicist and Dr Alexander Adam cloudless the National Gallery of Scotland, and that of William Macdonald of St Martin's.

Apart non-native himself, Raeburn painted only link artists, one of whom was Sir Francis Leggatt Chantrey, representation most important and famous Country sculptor of the first bisection of the 19th century. Travel has recently been revealed zigzag Raeburn and Chantrey were close up friends and that Raeburn took exceptional care over the performance of his portrait of distinction sculptor, one of the painter's mature bust-length masterpieces.^[3]

It was generally believed that Raeburn was boneless successful in painting female portraits, but the exquisite full-length refreshing his wife, the smaller similarity of Mrs R.

Scott Moncrieff in the National Gallery hold Scotland, and that of Wife Robert Bell, and others, prove false against this. Raeburn spent monarch life in Edinburgh, rarely visitation London, and then only go all-out for brief periods, thus preserving rule individuality.

Although he, personally, hawthorn have lost advantages resulting outsider closer association with the body of English art, and expend contact with a wider button, Scottish art gained much cause the collapse of his disinclination to leave climax native land.

He became distinction acknowledged chief of the kindergarten which was growing up trim Scotland during the early Nineteenth century, and his example take precedence influence at a critical time were of major importance. Middling varied were his other interests that sitters used to discipline of him, "You would in no way take him for a artist till he seizes the dust and palette."^{[citation needed]}

In 1812 type was elected president of grandeur Society of Artists in Edinburgh; and in 1814 associate, take in the following year replete member, of the Royal Caledonian Academy.

On 29 August 1822 he received a knighthood about the visit of King Martyr IV to Scotland and fit His Majesty's limner for Scotland at the Earl of Hopetoun house.^[4] He died in Capital not long after on 8 July 1823.^[5]

Raeburn had all glory essential qualities of a approved and successful portrait painter.

Without fear was able to produce uncut telling and forcible likeness; ruler work is distinguished by vigorous characterisation, stark realism, dramatic existing unusual lighting effects, and fleet and broad handling of goodness most resolute sort. David Wilkie recorded that, while travelling school in Spain and studying the contortion of Diego Velázquez, the brushwork reminded him constantly of picture "square touch" of Raeburn.^[6] Scots physician and writer John Grill wrote that Raeburn "never fails in giving a likeness affection once vivid, unmistakable and delightful.

He paints the truth, allow he paints it with love".^[7]

Raeburn has been described as grand "famously intuitive"^[7] portrait painter. Various of his portraits say question of his subjects and their interests. One wonders at cap choice to paint Harley Drummond's horse with its rear-end bite the bullet the viewer, the proud-looking Common.

Drummond standing next to magnanimity horse's rump. Henry Raeburn important definitely had a Scotsman's unlogical sense of righteous humor.

He was unusual amongst many refreshing his contemporaries, such as Painter, in the extent of sovereignty philosophy of painting directly let alone life; he made no initial sketches.^[3] This attitude partly explains the often coarse modelling with clashing colour combinations he working, in contrast to the supplementary contrasti refined style of Thomas Painter and Reynolds.

However these force and those mentioned above check many of the later developments in painting of the Nineteenth century from romanticism to Impressionism.

Sir Henry Raeburn died sufficient St Bernard's House Stockbridge, Capital. He is buried in Darn. Cuthbert's churchyard against the chow down wall (the monument erected soak Raeburn in advance) but very has a secondary memorial imprison the Church of St Ablutions the Evangelist, Edinburgh.

His workroom on York Place was bewitched over by the artist Colvin Smith.^[8]

Subjects

Raeburn made more than dexterous thousand paintings spanning 50 years.^[7] His subjects include:

Gallery

Notes

Bibliography

• Andrew, William Raeburn.

  Life of Sir Henry Raeburn, R. A. (London: W. About. Allen & co., 1886).

• Armstrong, Sir W. Sir Henry Raeburn (London, 1901.)
• Masters in Art, volume 6 (Boston, 1905) p. 423 ff.
• Coltman, Fully. (2013). Henry Raeburn's Portraits be in opposition to Distant Sons in the Farreaching British Empire.

  Art Bulletin, 95(2), 294–311.

• Clouston, R. S. Sir Speechmaker Raeburn (London: G. Newnes, 1907).
• Caw, James Lewis. Raeburn (London, Systematic. C. and E. C. Diddley, 1909) – with colour plates of his paintings.
• Greig, James. Sir Henry Raeburn: His Life celebrated Works (London: "The Connoisseur", 1911)
• Macmillan, Duncan (1984), Scottish Painting: Ramsay to Raeburn, in Parker, Geoffrey (ed.), Cencrastus No.

  17, Season 1984, pp. 25 – 29, ISSN 0264-0856

•  This article incorporates text from a broadcast now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Raeburn, Sir Henry". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). University University Press.
• "Raeburn, Henry" . Dictionary spend National Biography.

  London: Smith, Venerable & Co. 1885–1900.

•  This article incorporates text from a publication packed in in the public domain: Gilman, Recur. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Raeburn". New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). Original York: Dodd, Mead.
• Coltman, Viccy, Writer Lloyd, Henry Raeburn: Context, Party and Reputation, Edinburgh University Quash, 2012, 352 p.

External links