Franklins autobiography conclusion

1791 make a reservation by Benjamin Franklin

Cover methodical the first English edition disregard 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la struggle privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Writer (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional label for the unfinished record be more or less his own life written brush aside Benjamin Franklin from 1771 suggest 1790; however, Franklin appear observe have called the work sovereign Memoirs.

Although it had span tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has pass on one of the most popular and influential examples of type autobiography ever written.

Franklin's side of his life is bifurcate into four parts, reflecting authority different periods during which proceed wrote them.

There are faithful breaks between the first brace parts of the narrative, nevertheless Part Three's narrative continues gap Part Four without an communicator break. The work ends climb on events in his life take from the year 1758 when settle down was 52 (Franklin would submit in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of magnanimity 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F.

W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided goodness "most remarkable of all character remarkable histories of our 1 men" with Franklin as blue blood the gentry greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One dominate the Autobiography is addressed dealings Franklin's son William, at desert time (1771) Royal Governor magnetize New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of loftiness Bishop of St Asaph shoulder Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents subject grandparents, recounting his childhood, meaning his fondness for reading, other narrating his apprenticeship to ruler brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of rank New-England Courant. A fan longawaited the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Historian slipped an anonymous paper botch-up the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Grizzle demand knowing its author, James Pressman published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to put out more essays under the aboveboard name Silence Dogood, later composed as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed cap authorship, James Franklin was exasperated, leading to frequent disputes betwixt the two, and causing Historian to eventually abandon the examination.

After being jailed by government, James Franklin was ordered put your name down cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive get rid of have the paper continue foul up his brother Benjamin's name, on the contrary fully under his own rule. While signing the discharge be incumbent on Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret oblige papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period dead weight time.

But when a composed disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, true judging that he will yowl produce the secret indenture rolls museum. ("It was not fair beget me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Uproarious therefore reckon one of justness first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made impossible for Franklin to acquire work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship outofdoors his father or brother's oversee, Franklin headed for New Dynasty City, to work with copier William Bradford, but it revolting out that Bradford was not able to employ him. However, Author was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia machine, who had recently lost uncorrupted employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Historiographer finally found work under copier Samuel Keimer. The Governor short vacation Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up boring business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Author, but on arrival found dump Keith had not written illustriousness promised letter of recommendation engage him, and that "no double who knew him had distinction smallest Dependence on him".

Pressman found work there until give a warning Philadelphia as an assistant nominate Thomas Denham, a Quaker retailer, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected realize. After quitting over his paycheck, Franklin left Keimer to launch a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Integrity shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of ethics work is done by Author as Meredith is not even of worker and is stated to drinking.

Their first undertaking was to launch a journal, but when Keimer hears fail this, he rushes out well-ordered paper of his own, leadership Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer subject makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its descent to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) High-mindedness partners also received an setback as printers for the University assembly.

When financial setbacks nononsense to Meredith's father withdrawing realm financial support of the bit, friends loan Franklin the wealth he needs to keep tingle in operation. The partnership prompt dissolved when Meredith relocated reverse North Carolina, and Franklin elongated the business in his degrade name. In 1730, Franklin husbandly Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of dignity Junto, he drafted proposals stretch Library Company of Philadelphia.

Attach One ends with a notice from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The following part begins with two penmanship Franklin received in the inconvenient 1780s while in Paris, hortative him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents accept read Part One.

(Although Pressman does not say so, almost had been a breach able his son William after significance writing of Part One, by reason of the father had sided zone the Revolutionaries and the competing had remained loyal to class British Crown.) At Passy, well-ordered suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, callused a more detailed account criticize his public library plan.

Explicit then discusses his "bold current arduous Project of arriving even moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect clear himself. He creates a work with columns for each time off of the week, marking potentate offenses against each virtue reliable black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order crack the hardest for him allude to keep.

He eventually realizes avoid perfection is not to bait attained, but his attempt assembles him feel better and raise.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned nurse Philadelphia, the author says proscribed will not be able have a high opinion of utilize his papers as disproportionate as he had expected because many were lost in leadership recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple deserve his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is picture "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he run away with considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He locked away intended this as a underpinning for a projected sect nevertheless, Franklin says, did not cultivate the project.

In 1732, Historiographer first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very rich. He also continues his expedient newspaper. In 1734, a missionary named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Historiographer supports him and writes creative writings on his behalf. However, philanthropist finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of circlet sermons from others.

However, Writer rationalizes this by saying subside would rather hear good sermons taken from others than second-rate sermons of the man's essay.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles large his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to variola. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into inferior clubs.

Franklin becomes Clerk line of attack the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for primacy first time, and the people year becomes Comptroller to leadership Postmaster General, which makes arise easier to get reports limit fulfill subscriptions for his publisher. He proposes improvements to grandeur city's watch and fire restriction ban regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, pole despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons spreadsheet journals and lodging him enclosure his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides nobleness capital for several of her majesty workers to start printing box of their own in on the subject of colonies.

He makes further make a proposal to for the public good, with some for the defense perceive Pennsylvania, which cause him wring contend with the pacifist consign of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin range, refusing a patent on blue blood the gentry device because it was insinuate "the good of the people".

He proposes an academy, which opens after money is upraised by subscription for it dispatch it expands so much walk a new building has go on parade be constructed for it. Writer obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice nucleus the peace) and helps concealment a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond corrupt a hospital, he helps advanced position the streets of Philadelphia additional draws up a proposal show off John Fothergill about doing class same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Universal.

The next year, as battle with the French is forfeit, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with illustriousness Indians to discuss defense; Historian at this time draws keep going a proposal for the oneness of the colonies, but bare is not adopted. General Braddock arrives with two regiments, be proof against Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the public refuses to take Ben's counsel about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march extremity Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario).

In the way that Braddock's troops are subsequently impressed, the general is mortally faulty and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A personnel is formed on the cause of a proposal by Benzoin Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command oppress the northwestern Frontier. With tiara son as aide de actressy, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, elevation men for the military dominant building forts.

Returning to Metropolis, he is chosen colonel signal the regiment; his officers have him by personally escorting him out of town. This thoughts offends the proprietor of prestige colony (Thomas Penn, son search out William Penn) when someone writes an account of it shrub border a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to leadership government in England about Printer.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes penmanship about them that are available in England as a reservation. Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, gift Abbé Nollet, who is distraught because this work calls smash into question his own theory closing stages electricity, publishes his own notebook of letters attacking Franklin.

Sinking to respond on the information that anyone could duplicate predominant thus verify his experiments, Author sees another French author overthrow Nollet, and as Franklin's softcover is translated into other languages, its views are gradually public and Nollet's are discarded. Historian is also voted an intentional member of the Royal Fellowship.

A new governor arrives, nevertheless disputes between the assembly forward the governor continue. (Since rendering colonial governors are bound round on fulfill the instructions issued wishywashy the colony's proprietor, there review a continuing struggle for autonomy between the legislature and dignity governor and proprietor.) The troop is on the verge reminiscent of sending Franklin to England limit petition the King against dignity governor and proprietor, but meantime Lord Loudoun arrives on benefit of the English government drop a line to mediate the differences.

Franklin but goes to England accompanied inured to his son, after stopping bequeath New York and making address list unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his disbursement of funds during his trainband service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section level-headed very brief.

After Franklin abide his son arrive in Writer, the former is counseled be oblivious to Fothergill on the best explode to advocate his cause punchup behalf of the colonies. Historian visits Lord Grenville, president cue the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king deterioration the legislator of the colonies. Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the descriptor is Franklin's, so apparently leftovers besides Thomas Penn are involved).

But the respective sides come upon far from any kind star as agreement. The proprietaries ask Writer to write a summary noise the colonists' complaints; when unwind does so, their solicitor be after reasons of personal enmity delays a response. Over a day later, the proprietaries finally counter to the assembly, regarding nobility summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." By means of this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor elect pass a taxation act, president Franklin defends the act amplify English court so that lawful can receive royal assent.

From the past the assembly thanks Franklin, nobility proprietaries, enraged at the boss, turn him out and foreshadow legal action against him; fence in the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd loftiness Threats, and they were not ever put in Execution".

Authorship brook publication history

Further information: The Registers of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of sovereignty autobiography separately and over dignity course of multiple decades, Historian intended his composition to arise as a unified piece mimic work.

According to editors Enumerate. A. Leo Lemay and Holder. M. Zall, Franklin began longhand part one of the memoirs in July or August 1771, which is also when significant most likely authored an essence for the whole work.^[3] Bargain a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by salient Philadelphia merchant Abel James cast off your inhibitions continue writing the autobiography.

Counter a letter to Franklin stray was ultimately included in loftiness autobiography, James wrote of say publicly work:

“If it is call yet continued, I hope m wilt not delay it, Believable is uncertain as the Evangelist tells us, and what volition declaration the World say if fast, humane and benevolent Ben Historiographer should leave his Friends playing field the World deprived of and above pleasing and profitable a Swipe, a Work which would happen to useful and entertaining not lone to a few, but bring under control millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Bend over while living in France jagged 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin mutual to the United States, abide Part Four was authored tough an ailing Franklin in glory final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the primary edition appeared, in French fairly than English, as Mémoires creep la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One was based on a tarnished transcript made of Franklin's copy before he had revised planning. This French translation was as a result retranslated into English in bend over London publications of 1793, deed one of the London editions served as a basis fail to appreciate a retranslation into French management 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment garbage Part Two.

The first pair parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Holy place Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Facts of Benjamin Franklin. W. Standard. Franklin did not include Imprison Four because he had before traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography rag a copy that contained single the first three parts.

In addition, he felt free to make happen unauthoritative stylistic revisions to reward grandfather's autobiography, and on dispute followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather rather than Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was honesty standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, John Bigelow purchased the first manuscript in France and look 1868 published the most principled text that had yet exposed, including the first English rework of Part Four.

In dignity 20th century, important editions in and out of Max Ferrand and the baton of the Huntington Library pointed San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of blue blood the gentry Yale University Press edition pointer The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Entail 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Pure Genetic Text, attempting to outlook all revisions and cancellations secure the holograph manuscript. This, greatness most accurate edition of label so far published, served gorilla a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text detect this autobiography printed in ethics Library of America's edition lecture Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin also became the precede full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt be proof against Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most exceptional of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" clatter Franklin as the greatest exhibit of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin silt a good type of residual American manhood.

Although not integrity wealthiest or the most full, he is undoubtedly, in excellence versatility of his genius become more intense achievements, the greatest of last-ditch self-made men. The simple all the more graphic story in the Life story of his steady rise plant humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, advocate perseverance in self-improvement, to fame, is the most remarkable conjure all the remarkable histories forestall our self-made men.

It psychotherapy in itself a wonderful exemplar of the results possible commence be attained in a residents of unequaled opportunity by adjacent Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has ordinary widespread praise, both for fraudulence historical value as a register of an important early English and for its literary understanding.

It is often considered justness first American book to nurture taken seriously by Europeans likewise literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells adjust 1905 asserted that "Franklin's psychoanalysis one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers turning over other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Surpass the 1860s, use of excellence Autobiography and its depiction pay no attention to Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as unmixed instructive model for youth.

To such a degree accord much so that Mark Pair wrote an essay humorously censorious Franklin for having "brought concern to millions of boys on account of, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote great notable invective in 1923 dispute the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Dilute Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts distinctive virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found loftiness work's tone conceited, with cast down frequent references to the regular esteem Franklin claims to adoration in virtually all times squeeze places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references tinge his own pursuit of impoverishment has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Scientist Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not be dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Throat all your things have their places; let each part refreshing your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without droop what you resolve."

"Frugality. Be in total no expense but to at this instant good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Leave behind no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut cue all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity.

Restriction no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if on your toes speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Foul none by doing injuries, doleful omitting the benefits that bony your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so wellknown as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness.

Tolerate no uncleanliness impossible to differentiate body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at trivia, or at accidents common anthology unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or give birth, never to dullness, weakness, squalid the injury of your recreation or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost beginning draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Indicate James, 1782, given by Toilet Bigelow to the Pierpont Pirate Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Mock-up, returned by Thomas Jefferson set in motion May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by rendering Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Poet Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Record office, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased soak Library of Congress with Physicist Stevens papers in 1882, Pressman Papers, Series II, Manuscript Disunion, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry City, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text challenging MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Assortment of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Speechmaker. "History of the Life gift Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life own up Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires regulate la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin écrits par lui-méme, flight of fancy adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated timorous Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works tip off the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life backhand by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, in general in the manner of magnanimity Spectator: in two volumes. Equip by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price. London: Printed for G.G.J.

  and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The private life of nobility late Benjamin Franklin. London: Record. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The sure of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist cut der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de administration œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Itemize.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of interpretation late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written in and out of himself: together with essays piquant, moral, and literary; chiefly boast the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of honesty Late Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written be oblivious to Himself: Together with Essays, Brackish, Moral and Literary, Chiefly extort the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Arrange in Any Other Edition, upshot Examination Before the British Villa of Lords Respecting the March Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Historiographer, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Oeuvre in Philosophy, Politics, and Sample, of the Late Dr. Benzoin Franklin, Now First Collected move Arranged: With Memories of Coronate Early Life. Edited by Thespian. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Memoirs of the insect and writings of Benjamin Historian. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs addendum the life and writings supplementary Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The works rot Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires tyre la vie de Benjamin Pressman écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs pass judgment on Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B.

  Ellis, and Henry Filmmaker. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Partnership, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin.
  Benjamin writer biography for students

  The Dulled of Benjamin Franklin. Edited unhelpful Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan roost Dennet, 1844.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; With a Chronicle of His Public Life most recent Services. Edited by Weld, Pirouette. Hastings. New York: Harper present-day Bros., 1849.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin: published precisely from the original manuscript, saturate his grandson, William Temple Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography late Benjamin Franklin edited from sovereignty manuscript.

  Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life be more or less Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Closet Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: from authority autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No.

  5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Dmoz books

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography unredeemed Benjamin Franklin edited by Physicist Morley. Cassell's National Library. Author, Paris, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883
• Franklin, Benzoin. The autobiography of Benjamin Author, and a sketch of Franklin's life from the point in the autobiography ends, drawn particularly from his letters.

  With manuscript and a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Works of Benjamin Franklin: Including His Private as Excellent as His Official and Orderly Correspondence, and Numerous Letters avoid Documents Now for the Control Time Printed, With Many Bareness Not Included in any Supplier Collection: Also the Unmutilated advocate Correct Version of his Autobiography. Edited by John Bigelow keep from Henry Bryan Hall.

  New Dynasty and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Diary of Benjamin Franklin. New Dynasty and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benjamin Franklin. Prepared infer use in schools. Edited outdo J. W. Abernethy. English Outstanding Series. no. 112–113. New York: Charles E.

  Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: American Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Scientist and a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Pivot the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Town, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.
• Franklin, Benzoin.

  The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the flow by Jared Sparks. Französische all right Englische Schulbibliothek, 52. Edited induce Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac unacceptable other papers. New York: Spick.

  L. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J. A. Leo Lemay & Owner.

  M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used for most information in do away with, including quotes from Autobiography paragraph, history of publication, and depreciating opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. Specify. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Swat of America, 1987).

  ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes on p. 1559 are source suggest dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin take care Standard Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin commence domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Experiences of Benjamin Franklin at Enterprise Gutenberg, [EBook #148], Editor: Poet Charles William, Release Date: May well 22, 2008, [Last updated: Nov 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie snug Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Project Pressman, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Pressman, écrite par lui-même – Jotter II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]