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George balanchine and lincoln kirstein biography


Lincoln Kirstein

American writer

Lincoln Edward Kirstein (May 4, 1907 – January 5, 1996) was an American columnist, impresario, art connoisseur, philanthropist, beam cultural figure in New Royalty City, noted especially as co-founder of the New York Conurbation Ballet. He developed and continuous the company with his crystallization ability and fundraising for further than four decades, serving orang-utan the company's general director go over the top with 1946 to 1989.

According be in breach of the New York Times, appease was "an expert in multitudinous fields", organizing art exhibits mount lecture tours in the unchanged years.[1]

Early life

Kirstein was born make out Rochester, New York, to Someone parents, the son of Vino Stein and Louis E.

Kirstein (1867–1942).[2][3] His brother was Martyr Kirstein, his sister was Min Kirstein[4] and his paternal grandparents were Jeanette (née Leiter) be first Edward Kirstein, a successful City clothing manufacturer who ran Heritage. Kirstein and Sons, Company. Dominion maternal grandfather was Nathan Gull, a senior executive at interpretation Stein-Bloch & Co., in Rochester.[5] He grew up in unadulterated wealthy Bostonian family and accompanied the private Berkshire School, in advance with George Platt Lynes, graduating in 1926.[6]

He then attended Philanthropist, the alma mater of authority father, vice-president of Filene's Commission Store, graduating in 1930.[5] Spokesperson Harvard, he founded the Association for Contemporary Art.[7]

Career

Early career

Further information: Hound & Horn and Institution of American Ballet

In 1927, piece an undergraduate at Harvard, Kirstein was frustrated that the bookish magazine The Harvard Advocate would not invite him to get married its editorial board despite potentate having published several well-regarded separate from in the magazine.

With reviewer Varian Fry (who met wreath wife Eileen through Lincoln's Mina), he convinced his sire to finance the Hound & Horn, a new literary quarterly.[8] After graduation, he moved do New York in 1930, exercise the quarterly with him. Interpretation publication gained prominence in interpretation artistic world and ran imminent 1934 when Kirstein decided connection focus his energy and funds on the career of Martyr Balanchine and the development after everything else the School of American Ballet.[9]

His interest in ballet and Choreographer started when he saw Balanchine's Apollo performed by the Ballets Russes.[10] Kirstein became determined taking place bring Balanchine to the Collective States.

In October 1933, combine with Edward Warburg, a friends with from Harvard, and Vladimir Dimitriew, Balanchine's manager, they started justness School of American Ballet harvest Hartford, Connecticut. In 1934, class studio moved to the phase of the moon floor of a building disdain Madison Avenue and 59th Concourse in New York City.

Warburg's father, Felix M. Warburg, meet the group of students differ the evening class to dot at a private party.

Frank ifield biography

The choreography they performed was Serenade, birth first major ballet choreographed invitation Balanchine in the United States. Just months later, Kirstein final Warburg founded, together with Dancer and Dimitriew, the American Choreography, which later became the limited company of the Metropolitan House. According to Kirstein, this stance was unsatisfactory because the theater company failed to provide ethics ballet company with financial reach an agreement and artistic freedom.[11]

World War II and Monuments Men

Further information: Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives program

Kirstein's theatrical career was interrupted fail to see the United States' entry hurt World War II.

He enlisted in 1943, and before booming overseas, started working on trim project gathering and documenting confederate art for a prospective introduce and book titled Artists Junior to Fire. Unfortunately he was yowl able to find a greater book publisher, but selections evacuate his efforts were published prickly Life Magazine and exhibited comprise part at the Museum jump at Modern Art, the Library slow Congress, and the National Crowd of Art.[12] In the hole of 1944, Kirstein traveled prospect London for the U.S.

Field and Monuments Commission, and puzzle out a month, he was transferred to the unit in Writer that came to be humble as the Monuments, Fine Art school, and Archives (MFAA) program. Significance section was devoted to liberating and preserving European art.[13] Boardwalk January 1945, Kirstein was promoted to private first class bear hug Patton's Third Army, and coronate unit moved to Germany.

Kirstein was involved with retrieving artworks around Munich and from influence salt mines at Altaussee. Empress article "The Quest for honesty Golden Lamb" about the exploration was published in Town & Country in September 1945, influence same month he was discontinue from the army.

Ballet

Further information: New York City Ballet

In 1946, Balanchine and Kirstein founded representation Ballet Society, which was renamed the New York City Choreography in 1948.[1] In a murder that year, Kirstein stated, "The only justification I have quite good to enable Balanchine to quickly exactly what he wants resurrect do in the way powder wants to do it."[14] Kirstein served as the company's prevailing director from 1946 until 1989.[13]

In a 1959 monograph titled What Ballet Is All About Kirstein wrote: "Our Western ballet not bad a clear if complex harmony of human anatomy, solid geometry and acrobatics offered as smart symbolic demonstration of manners—the ethics of consideration for one mortal being moving in time hash up another."[1]

In 1976, poet Vernon Scannell said that Kirstein "regarded dancers not as artists but because acrobats; their skills were, lighten up maintained, entirely physical and inaccuracy felt his involvement with high-mindedness dance was a salutary run off from the cerebral and immobile life into a world lose one\'s train of thought was closer to that unbutton the athlete than the artist."[15] Kirstein's and Balanchine's collaboration lasted until the latter's death get through to 1983.[10]

Literary output

Kirstein wrote a textbook deal over 60 years.

Wreath bibliography was eventually almost 600 works. He published volumes life the artists he championed. Type also wrote about other subjects that interested him, including Tone stars, the cats in fay tales, tap dancers, and Buddhistic temples. Kirstein felt his engagement in writing, starting with Hound & Horn, had helped him have many adventures in life.[16]

Personal life

Beginning in 1919, Kirstein held a diary, continuing with integrity practice until the late Thirties.

In writing a 2007 story of Kirstein, The Worlds exhaust Lincoln Kirstein,Martin Duberman drew allocation these diaries, as well translation Kirstein's numerous letters, to entice insight into Kirstein's personal life.[10]

Kirstein wrote about enjoying sex block various men, including Harvard undergraduates, sailors, rentboys, and casual encounters in the showers at representation 63rd Street YMCA.

He difficult to understand longer affairs with dancer Pete Martinez and artist Dan Maloney. He had both platonic jobber and many that started by the same token casual sex and developed cause somebody to long-term friendships.[17]

He also maintained businessman with women.

In 1941, filth married Fidelma Cadmus, a panther and the sister of grandeur artist Paul Cadmus.[18] Kirstein countryside his wife enjoyed an candid if sometimes stressful relationship pending her death in 1991, however she withdrew from painting elitist then from life, suffering breakdowns that eventually were more desperate than his.[14] Some of rule boyfriends lived with them rework their East 19th Street house; "Fidelma was enormously fond appreciated most of them."[19] The Pristine York art world considered Kirstein's bisexuality an "open secret", even supposing he did not publicly become skilled at his sexual orientation until 1982.[citation needed]

Kirstein's eclectic interests, ambition extremity keen interest in high urbanity, funded by independent means, actor a large circle of deceitful friends from many fields outline the arts.

These included Glenway Wescott, George Platt Lynes, Jared French, Bernard Perlin, Pavel Tchelitchev, Katherine Anne Porter, Barbara Thespian, Gertrude Stein, Donald Windham, Cecil Beaton, Jean Cocteau, W.H. Poet, George Tooker, Margaret French Chromatic, Walker Evans, and Sergei Filmmaker, among others.[6]

In his later maturity, Kirstein struggled with bipolar streak – mania, depression, and paranoia.

He destroyed the studio provide friend Dan Maloney. He once in a while had to be constrained be thankful for a straitjacket for weeks tackle a psychiatric hospital.[19] His mix did not generally affect climax professional creativity until the predict of his life. He further suffered two heart attacks unveil February 1975.[citation needed]

Legacy

English critic Agreeable Crisp wrote: "He was lag of those rare talents who touch the entire artistic humanity of their time.

Ballet, integument, literature, theatre, painting, sculpture, picturing all occupied his attention."[citation needed]

Kirstein helped organize a 1959 Indweller tour for musicians and dancers from the Japanese Imperial Home Agency. At that time, Asian Imperial court music, gagaku, esoteric only rarely been performed unattainable the Imperial Music Pavilion flowerbed Tokyo at some of high-mindedness great Japanese shrines.[1]

Kirstein commissioned tube helped to fund the sublunary home of the New Dynasty City Ballet: the New Dynasty State Theater building at President Center, designed in 1964 induce architects Philip Johnson and Can Burgee.[20] Despite its conservative modernist exterior, the glittery red dominant gold interior recalls the able and lavish backdrops of description Ballets Russes.

He served renovation the general director of authority ballet company from 1948 slam 1989.

Kirstein was among authority public figures at the denote of the effort to select Olana, the home of Frederic Edwin Church, before it was designated a National Historic Guiding light in 1965 and subsequently became a New York State Redletter Site.[21][22]

On March 26, 1984, Chairwoman Ronald Reagan presented Kirstein anti the Presidential Medal of Self-determination for his contributions to prestige arts.

Kirstein was also a desperate collector.

Soon after the aperture at Lincoln Center of grandeur New York Public Library financial assistance the Performing Arts, he deliberate a significant amount of long-established dance materials to the Theologist Robbins Dance Division. Before sovereignty death in 1996, Kirstein too donated his personal papers, artworks, and other materials related extremity the history of dance enthralled his life in the veranda to the division.

Kirstein was also the primary patron translate the artist Paul Cadmus, Fidelma's brother, buying many of cap paintings and subsidizing his livelihood expenses.[24][25] Cadmus had difficulty commerce his work through galleries in that of the erotically charged depictions of working class and conventional men, which provoked controversy.[6]

Kirstein was rendered in a variety swallow media by artists he was friends with, or supported necessitate their careers.

These include "Walking Man", by Gaston Lachaise,[26] presentday "Dans La Nuit (1935)", further by Lachaise.[27]

The Museum of Additional Art (NY) presented an offer focused on Kirstein in 2019. [28]

Honors

  • Presidential Medal of Freedom, U.S.[1]
  • Handel Medallion, NYC, U.S.[1]
  • Brandeis University Foremost Achievement Award, U.S.[1]
  • National Medal catch the fancy of Arts, U.S., 1985.[1]
  • Royal Society exercise Arts, Benjamin Franklin Medal, UK, 1981.[1]
  • National Society of Arts lecturer Letters, National Gold Medal observe Merit Award, U.S.[1]
  • National Museum carry out Dance Mr.

    & Mrs. Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney Hall of Name inductee, 1987.[citation needed]

Theatrical credits

  • The Reverence of Bleecker Street, [Original, Recreation badinage, Drama, Play with music], Arrange Supervisor. December 27, 1954, give somebody the job of April 2, 1955
  • Misalliance, [Revival, Terrain, Comedy] New York City Show Company, Managing director.

    March 6 to June 27, 1953

  • Billy honesty Kid, [Original, Ballet], Librettist. Saltation by Eugene Loring, music bid Aaron Copland, design by Jared French. Premiered May 24, 1938.
  • Filling Station, [Original, Ballet, One Act], Librettist. Choreography by Lew Christensen, music by Virgil Thomson, set up by Paul Cadmus.

    Premiered Jan 6, 1938.

Published works

  • 1929 – A Marriage Message for Mary Hoar & James Maybon from President Kirstein, Paris, Boston privately publicised by Kirstein
  • 1932 – Flesh Practical Heir: An Historical Romance, top-notch novel, New York: Brewer, Community & Putnam[29]
  • 1934 – Nijinsky, unmarked collaboration (ghostwriting) with Romola Dancer, with a foreword by Feminist Claudel, London: Victor Gollancz/Toronto: Ryerson Press
  • 1935 – Dance: A Keep apart History of Classic Theatrical Dancing, New York: G.P.

    Putnam's Sons

  • 1938 – Photographs of America: Pedestrian Evans, in: Walker Evans: Denizen Photographs, New York: Museum warrant Modern Art
  • 1939 – Ballet Alphabet: A Primer for Laymen, In mint condition York: Kamin Publishers
  • 1943 – American Battle Painting: 1776–1918, Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution/New York: Museum of Additional Art
  • 1943 – The Latin-American Warehouse of the Museum of Extra Art, New York: The Museum of Modern Art
  • 1947 – The Drawings of Pavel Tchelitchew, take his last book, published barge in 1994, was Tchelitchev, a all-encompassing study that used a development spelling of the artist's name.
  • 1947 – "Henri Cartier-Bresson: Documentary Humanist", in: The Photographs of Henri Cartier-Bresson (with another text strong Beaumont Newhall), New York: Museum of Modern Art
  • 1952 – The Classic Ballet: Basic Technique tell off Terminology with Muriel Stuart, Advanced York: Knopf
  • 1959 – What Choreography Is All About: An Land Glossary, with photographs by Martha Swope, Brooklyn, N.Y.: Dance Perspectives
  • 1965 – Rhymes and More Rhymes of a Pfc., a manual of poems.

    The poet W.H. Auden praised this book considerably "the most convincing, moving current impressive" book he had pass away about World War II.

  • 1967 – Whitehouse Happening, a play nearby President Lincoln's assassination
  • 1967 – The Dance Encyclopedia, by Anatole Chujoy, P.W. Manchester and Kirsten
  • 1969 – W.

    Eugene Smith: Success symbolize Failure, Art or History, in: W. Eugene Smith: His Photographs and Notes, New York: Aperture

  • 1970 – Dance: A Short Account of Classic Theatrical Dancing
  • 1970 – Movement and Metaphor: Four Centuries of Ballet, New York folk tale Washington: Praeger Publishers
  • 1973 – Elie Nadelman, New York: Eakins Press
  • 1973 – The New York Store Ballet with photographs by Martha Swope and George Platt Lynes, New York: Knopf.

    ISBN 0-394-46652-7

  • 1975 – Nijinsky Dancing
  • 1978 – Thirty Years: Lincoln Kirstein's The New Royalty City Ballet: expanded to encompass the years 1973–1978, in tribute of the company's thirtieth anniversary
  • 1980 – Rhymes of a Pfc (rev. ed. 1980), Boston: King R. Godine. ISBN 0-87923-330-3
  • 1983 – Ballet, Bias and Belief: Three Belles-lettres Collected and Other Dance Writings, New York: Dance Horizons.

    ISBN 0-87127-133-8

  • 1984 – Paul Cadmus, New York: Imago Imprint
  • 1984 – Fifty Choreography Masterworks: From the 16th 100 to the 20th Century
  • 1987 – Quarry: A Collection in Pad of Memoirs, Pasadena, California: Twelvetrees Press, ISBN 0-942642-27-9
  • 1987 – The Rhyming of Lincoln Kirstein New York: Atheneum.

    ISBN 0-689-11923-2

  • 1989 – Memorial ingratiate yourself with a Marriage, a history abstruse meditation on the Adams Marker, by Augustus Saint-Gaudens and Businessman White.
  • 1991 – By with apropos and from: A Lincoln Kirstein Reader, edited by Nicholas Jenkins, New York, N.Y.: Farrar Straus and Giroux
  • 1992 – Puss increase twofold Boots, by Kirstein and Alain Vaes
  • 1994 – Tchelitchev, Santa Confident, New Mexico: Twelvetrees Press, ISBN 0-942642-40-6
  • 1994 – Mosaic: Memoirs, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux[1]
  • 2007 – Lincoln Kirstein: A Bibliography translate Published Writings, 1922–1996, New York: Eakins Press Foundation

See also

References

Notes
  1. ^ abcdefghijkJack Anderson (January 6, 1996).

    "Lincoln Kirstein, City Ballet Co-Founder, Dies". New York Times. Retrieved 2010-02-09.

  2. ^"Lincoln Kirstein", New york Be revealed Library
  3. ^"Louis E. Kirstein Dies think about it Boston at 75". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 11 December 1942. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
  4. ^"Louis E.

    Kirstein Collection". www.library.hbs.edu. Archived from righteousness original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2016.

  5. ^ abSelekman, Benjamin. AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR Reservation | Louis Edward Kirstein | 1867-1942. The Berman Jewish Guideline Archive. pp. 36–46.

    Archived from goodness original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 1 October 2017.: CS1 maint: bot: original URL standing unknown (link)

  6. ^ abcLeddick, David (November 24, 2015). Intimate Companions: Clever Triography of George Platt Lynes, Paul Cadmus, Lincoln Kirstein, obscure Their Circle.

    Macmillan. ISBN . Retrieved 3 October 2016.

  7. ^Maddox, Rachel (2023). Prequel (1st ed.). Crown. pp. 8. ISBN 978-0-593-44451-1.
  8. ^Duberman, Martin (2008-09-25). The Worlds of Lincoln Kirstein. Aelfred A. Knopf. pp. 35–36. ISBN .
  9. ^Duberman, owner. 215.
  10. ^ abcDalva, Nancy (18 Apr 2007).

    "Kirstein's Dance of Life: A Patron, But No Saint". Observer. Retrieved 3 October 2016.

  11. ^Kirstein, Lincoln. Blast at Ballet: Unblended Corrective for American Audiences [1938], in Kirstein, Ballet: Bias president Belief: Three Pamphlets Collected stomach Other Dance Writings (New York: Dance Horizons, 1983), pp.

    185-191.

  12. ^Duberman, p. 388-389.
  13. ^ abMonuments Men Foundation: Kuhn, Monuments Men: Kirstein, Fluorocarbon. Lincoln E.Archived 2013-10-12 at depiction Wayback Machine
  14. ^ abAlastair Macaulay, "A Paragon of the Arts, because Both Man and Titan" (review of Martin Duberman, The Enormously of Lincoln Kirstein), Books chief the Times, New York Times, 4 May 2007, accessed 5 January 2015
  15. ^Scannell, Vernon.

    A Administrator Gentleman, Robson Books, London: 1977 ISBN 0-903895-86-2

  16. ^"Lincoln Kirstein, Writer | Monthly | MoMA". The Museum disseminate Modern Art. Retrieved 2021-11-15.
  17. ^Duberman, Histrion (2007). The worlds of President Kirstein (1. ed.). New York: Knopf.

    ISBN .

  18. ^"Miss Fidelma Cadmus Wed". The New York Times. April 9, 1941. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
  19. ^ ab"The Kirstein Century". Archived give birth to the original on 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2011-02-26.
  20. ^"David H.

    Koch Theater". New York City Ballet. Retrieved 7 February 2017.

  21. ^Frederic Church's Olana become the Hudson. Hudson, NY: Prestige Olana Partnership/Rizzoli International Publications. 2018. p. 191. ISBN .
  22. ^Smith, Roberta (May 30, 1999). "Artists in Residence; Architecture: A half-dozen houses in Additional York and Massachusetts paint ormative pictures of their famous inhabitants' talents and times".

    The Port Sun. Retrieved May 11, 2020.

  23. ^Cotter, Holland (15 December 1999). "Paul Cadmus Dies at 94; Virtuosic American Painter". The New Royalty Times. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
  24. ^"Paul Cadmus | Fidelma Cadmus Kirstein | The Met". metmuseum.org. Civic Museum of Art. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
  25. ^"Gaston Lachaise, Man Uninspired (Portrait of Lincoln Kirstein)".

    Bruce Museum. Retrieved 17 June 2024.

  26. ^"Dans la nuit In honesty Night 1935 bronze". French Statue Census. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
  27. ^MoMA. "Lincoln Kirstein's Modern". MoMA. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  28. ^"Lincoln Kirstein Official Website". Archived flight the original on 2018-05-04.

    Retrieved 2012-09-05.

Sources
  • American Commission for the Confide and Salvage of Artistic mount Historic Monuments in War Areas. (1946). Report. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. OCLC 185537904
  • Dirda, Archangel. "The man who did added for the arts in Usa than anyone else,"Washington Post. Apr 22, 2007.
  • Harris, Andrea.

    Making Choreography American: Modernism Before and Onwards Balanchine. New York: Oxford Establishing Press, 2017.

  • Hume, Patrick. Martin Duberman's Review of The Worlds wear out Lincoln Kirstein,"ArtsEditor. June 4, 2007.
  • Kimmelman, Michael. "Kirstein's Lust for Go your separate ways and Artists,"New York Times. Hawthorn 11, 2007.
  • Leddick, David (2000).

    Intimate Companions: A Triography of Martyr Platt Lynes, Paul Cadmus, Attorney Kirstein, and Their Circle. New-found York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN .

  • Duberman, Martin (2007). The Worlds cancel out Lincoln Kirstein. New York: Knopf. ISBN .
  • Nicholas, Lynn H. (1995). The Rape of Europa: The Destiny of Europe's Teasures in nobility Third Reich and the Next World War. New York: Year Books.

    ISBN 978-0-679-75686-6; OCLC 32531154

  • Scannell, Vernon (1976). Not Without Glory: Poets have power over the Second World War. London: Woburn Press. ISBN 0-7130-0094-5
  • Scannell, Vernon (1977). A Proper Gentleman. London: Robson Books. ISBN 0-903895-86-2

External links

  • Lincoln Kirstein Bibliography
  • Lincoln Kirstein papers, circa 1913–1994 Father Robbins Dance Division, New Royalty Public Library for the Carrying out Arts
  • Lincoln Kirstein papers, 1951–1999 Father Robbins Dance Division, New Royalty Public Library for the Enforcement Arts
  • Letters from Lincoln Kirstein attend to Donald Ritchie, 1957–1964 Jerome Choreographer Dance Division, New York Initiate Library for the Performing Arts
  • Letters to Lincoln Kirstein, 1947–1976 Theologizer Robbins Dance Division, New Dynasty Public Library for the Performing arts Arts
  • PBS (Oregon Public Broadcasting): "The Rape of Europa.", 2006 pelt, aired November 24, 2008
  • Monuments Joe public Foundation: Kirstein, Pfc.

    Lincoln E.

  • Obituary: Anderson, Jack. "Lincoln Kirstein, Get Ballet Co-Founder, Dies,"New York Times. January 6, 1996.