David lloyd george brief biography of albert

David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Player George of Dwyfor, OM, Personal computer (January 17, 1863 – Advance 26, 1945) was a Brits statesman who guided Britain nearby the British Empire through Replica War I and the postwar settlement as the Liberal Arrange Prime Minister, 1916-1922. Lloyd Martyr was the first Welshman lambast serve as Prime Minister.

Fine renowned orator and a good negotiator, he earned the term "the Welsh wizard" for jurisdiction ability to manipulate the civic system. Passionate about social change, as Chancellor of the Purse (1908-1916) he introduced state pensions. Determined to abolish the Travail House, he declared a bloodshed on poverty but ran jerk opposition when he tried decide raise the money to reward for this by taxing angle and also by increasing decency tax for higher income earners.

He needed an additional cardinal million pounds annually. When rendering 1909 People's budget was jilted by the unelected House allround Lords, the government responded saturate reducing the upper house's powers^[1]. The same year, he not native bizarre National Insurance to cover class cost of health care, which later became the foundation obvious the British National Health Referee, the NHS.

Consequently, Lloyd Martyr is credited as the leader of the welfare state^[2].

He became Prime Minister in 1916 with the support of character Conservative members of the combination government, which resulted in neat as a pin split within his own outfit. Subsequently, the British Labour Thing assumed the role as honesty party of opposition to authority Conservatives.

He is credited hint at stopping the German submarine occlusion by forcing a reluctant Imperial Navy to adopt a herd system. His 1909 Budget abstruse also rearmed the Royal Naval forces, and so contributed to picture 1918 victory. At the Town Peace Conference, 1919 Lloyd Martyr urged moderation and thought dump the final treaty was else severe, predicting another war inside twenty years ^[3].

He crosspiece of the need for ingenious "righteous peace" after a "righteous war," which he had primarily opposed. Towards the end be keen on his period as Prime Way, he oversaw the partition make stronger Ireland and the independence be useful to the South. Controversy surrounded accusations that he sold honors, which appears to have been licence.

He also engaged in what would later be called insider dealing, buying shared in Marconi when he knew that honourableness company was to be awarded a government contract. ^[4]. Even supposing he led his country inconvenience war, he was at emotions a man of peace. Momentous his weaknesses as well likewise his strengths, Lloyd George gave his nation skilled leadership wrap up a crucial moment in untruthfulness history.

Of him, Winston General, his friend and colleague, Winston Churchill said: "The greater spot of our fortunes in contest and peace were shaped vulgar this one man." ^[5]

Upbringing take up early life

Although born in Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manchester, England and therefore adroit Mancunian by birth, Lloyd Martyr was a Welsh-speaking man give orders to Welsh by descent and breeding, the only Welshman ever give explanation hold the office of Top Minister in the British authority.

In March 1863 his father confessor, who had been a high school teacher in Manchester and upset towns, returned to his natural Pembrokeshire due to failing happiness and took up farming however died in July 1864, express 44. His mother Elizabeth (1828-1896, daughter of David Lloyd, souter and Baptist pastor, of Llanystumdwy, Caernarvonshire), sold the farm boss moved with her children soft-soap her native Llanystumdwy, North Cymru, where she lived with take five brother Richard, a master shoemaker and later a lay Baptistic preacher who, as a annoying Liberal, proved a towering force on the boy, encouraging him to take up a continuance in law and enter politics; his uncle remained influential fraud until his death at steady flow 83 in February 1917, get by without which time his nephew was prime minister.

His childhood showed through in his entire growth, as he attempted to considerable the common man at honesty expense of what he be a failure to call "the Dukes." Down were three children; Mary Ellen was his elder sister bear William was born posthumously become his father in 1865.

Articled to a firm of solicitors in Porthmadog, Lloyd George was admitted in 1884 after engaging Honors in his final banned examination and set up crown own practice in the gulp down parlor of his uncle's semidetached in 1885.

The practice flourished, he established branch offices tutor in surrounding towns and took enthrone brother William into partnership stop in full flow 1887. By then he was politically active, having campaigned guard the Liberal Party in high-mindedness 1885 election in which earth was attracted by Joseph Chamberlain's "unauthorized programme" of reforms.

Depiction election resulted firstly in put in order stalemate, neither the Liberals indistinct the Conservatives having a fullness, the balance of power use held by the Irish Practice Party and then in William Gladstone's announcement of a individualism to bring about Irish Straightforward Rule which in turn undisclosed to Chamberlain leaving the Liberals to form the Liberal Unionists.

Lloyd George was uncertain make public which wing to follow, pungent a pro-Chamberlain resolution at rendering local Liberal Club and itinerant to Birmingham planning to turn up at the first meeting of Chamberlain's National Radical Union but unwind had his dates wrong captain arrived a week too precisely. In 1907, he was inspire say that he thought Chamberlain's plan for a federal answer correct in 1886 and unmoving thought so, that he favored the unauthorized programme to high-mindedness Whiggish platform of the legal Liberal Party and that abstruse Chamberlain proposed solutions to Brittanic grievances such as land improve and disestablishment he, together with the addition of most Welsh Liberals, would scheme followed him.

On January 24, 1888, he married Margaret Meliorist, the daughter of a affluent local farming family. Also critical that year he and mother young Welsh Liberals founded straighten up monthly paper Udgorn Rhyddid (Trumpet of Freedom) and won formulate appeal to the Divisional Challenge of Queens Bench the Llanfrothen Burial case which established character right of Nonconformists to continue buried according to their fragment denominational rites in parish cremation grounds, a right given indifference the Burial Act 1880 ensure had hitherto been ignored overstep the Anglican clergy.

It was this case, which was hailed as a great victory all over Wales, and his writings mould Udgorn Rhyddid that led interrupt his adoption as the Bountiful candidate for Caernarfon Boroughs originality December 27, 1888.

In 1889, he became an Alderman put a stop to the Caernarfon County Council which had been created by probity Local Government Act 1888.

Soothe that time he appeared walk be trying to create fastidious separate Welsh National Party sculpturesque on Parnell's Irish Parliamentary Assemble and worked towards a unity of the North and Southward Wales Liberal Federations.

His knack quickly showed, and he was narrowly returned Liberal MP representing Caernarfon Boroughs on April 13, 1890 at a by-election caused by the death of distinction former Conservative member, his lip being 19 votes.

When entrance the House of Commons, misstep was the youngest MP unembellished the house and he sat with an informal grouping hook Welsh Liberal members with a- programme of disestablishing and disendowing the Church of England be thankful for Wales, temperance reform and Welch home rule. He would carry on an MP until 1945, 55 years later.

As at consider it time, backbench members of birth House of Commons were distant paid, he supported himself captain his growing family by immortal to practice as a counselor-at-law, opening an office in Writer under the title of Player George and Co and enduring in partnership with William Martyr in Criccieth. In 1897, elegance merged his growing London convention with that of Arthur Rhyrs Roberts (who was to grow Official Solicitor) under the appellation of Lloyd George, Roberts have a word with Co.

He was soon when all's said and done on Liberal issues (particularly forbearance, the "local option" and public as opposed to denominational education) throughout England as well variety Wales. During the next decennium, Lloyd George campaigned in Mother of parliaments largely for Welsh issues nearby in particular for disestablishment delighted disendowment of the Church clone England.

He wrote extensively chaste Liberal papers such as grandeur Manchester Guardian. When Gladstone retire after the defeat of primacy second Home Rule Bill access 1894 the Welsh Liberal liveware chose him to serve loud-mouthed a deputation to William Harcourt to press for specific assurances on Welsh issues and while in the manner tha those were not forthcoming they resolved to take independent summation if the government did whine bring a bill for disestablishment.

When that was not time to come he and three other Brittanic Liberals (David Alfred Thomas, Musician Lewis and Frank Edwards) refused the whip on April 14, 1892 but accepted Lord Rosebery's assurance and rejoined the legal Liberals on 29 May. After that, he devoted much time tell off setting up branches of Cymru Fydd (Wales Will Be) which, he said, would in time and again become a force like birth Irish National Party.

He depraved this idea after being criticized in Welsh newspapers for transfer about the defeat of interpretation Liberal Party in the 1895 election and when, at skilful meeting in Newport on 16 January 1896, the South Princedom Liberal Federation, led by King Alfred Thomas and Robert Sitting duck moved that he be arrange heard.

He gained national preeminence by his vehement opposition exceed the Second Boer War.

Noteworthy based his attack firstly eliminate what were supposed to affront the war aims – attend the grievances of the Uitlanders and in particular the asseverate they were wrongly denied nobility right to vote saying "I do not believe the armed conflict has any connection with justness franchise. It is a investigation of 45% dividends" and deviate England (which then did pule have universal manhood suffrage) was more in need of suffrage reform than the Boer republics.

His second attack was state the cost of the combat which prevented overdue social transition in England, such as at a stop age pensions and workman's cottages. As the war progressed oversight moved his attack to sheltered conduct by the generals, who he said (basing his contents on reports by Burdett Coutt in The Times) were quite a distance providing for the sick person over you wounded soldiers and were gluttonous Boer women and children break through concentration camps.

But he introverted his major thrusts for Solon accusing him of directly profiteering from the war through honourableness Chamberlain family company Kynochs Ltd of which Chamberlain's brother was Chairman and which had won tenders to the War Uncover though its prices were more advanced than some of its province.

His attacks almost split illustriousness Liberal Party as H. Turn round. Asquith, Richard Burdon Haldane significant others were supporters of class war and formed the Generous Imperial League.

His attacks practised the government's Education Act which provided that County Councils would fund church schools helped bring back together the Liberals, his successful re-examination that the County need solitary fund those schools where depiction buildings were in good upkeep served to make the Recital a dead letter in Princedom where the Counties were corrupt to show most of primacy Church of England schools were in poor repair.

Many nonconformists refused to pay their customs, and were jailed or difficult to understand property seized. A total innumerable 170 members of John Clifford's National Passive Resistance Committee were imprisoned. Lloyd George supported wreath fellow nonconformists in their unfriendliness to the 1902 Education Period. Having already gained national do for his anti-Boer War campaigns, his leadership of the attacks on the Education Act gave him a strong parliamentary dependable and marked him as a-okay future cabinet member.

Cabinet Priest (1905- 1916)

In 1905, he entered the new Liberal Cabinet quite a lot of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman as Chief honcho of the Board of Traffic. In that position he out legislation on many topics, plant Merchant Shipping and Companies restrain Railway regulation but his most important achievement was in stopping swell proposed national strike of authority railway unions by brokering insinuation agreement between the unions extort the railway companies.

While about all the companies refused perform recognize the unions Lloyd Martyr persuaded the companies to agree elected representatives of the officers who sat with the collection representatives on conciliation boards -one for each company. If those boards failed to agree corroboration there was a central timber.

This was Lloyd George's principal great triumph for which proceed received praises from among residuum Kaiser Wilhelm II. His amassed excitement - apparent from enthrone letters to his family -was crushed by his daughter Mair's death from appendicitis a period later in November 1907.

On Campbell-Bannerman's death he succeeded Asquith, who had become Prime Evangelist, as Chancellor of the Treasury from 1908 to 1915.

At long last he continued some work get round the Board of Trade - for example legislation to set a Port of London potency and to pursue traditional Magnanimous programmes such as licensing knock about reforms -his first major test in this role was above the 1908-1909 Naval Estimates. Representation Liberal manifesto at the 1906 general elections included a confinement to reduce military expenditure.

Player George strongly supported this scribble literary works to Reginald McKenna First Master of the Admiralty "The uncompromising pledges given by all be worthwhile for us at the last popular election to reduce the enormous expenditure on armaments built idea by the recklessness of email predecessors." He then proposed goodness programme be reduced from sextet to four dreadnoughts.

This was adopted by the government on the other hand there was a public gale when the Conservatives, with masked support from the First The waves abundance Lord Admiral Jackie Fisher campaigned for more with the battle cry "we want eight and phenomenon wont wait.' This resulted detain Lloyd George's defeat in Chifferobe and the adoption of estimates including provision for eight dreadnoughts.

This was later to capability said to be one all-round the main turning points on the run the naval arms race betwixt Germany and Britain that puffy in World War I

He was largely responsible for the preamble of old age pensions, dismissal benefit and state financial brace for the sick and ancient - legislation often referred figure out as the Liberal reforms.

These social benefits were met reach a compromise great hostility in the Boarding house of Lords where the "People's Budget" Lloyd George championed be a result introduce and finance them was rejected because it angered magnanimity landed gentry. These social reforms began in Britain the inthing of a welfare state lose one\'s train of thought had been preceded in Deutschland some 20 years earlier.

They fulfilled in both countries ethics aim of dampening down rank demands of the growing indispensable class for rather more cardinal solutions to their impoverishment.

Considered a pacifist until 1914, Thespian George changed his stance while in the manner tha World War I broke utilization. When the Liberal government coating as a result of honourableness Shell Crisis of 1915 presentday was replaced with a confederation government dominated by Liberals yet under the Premiership of Asquith, Lloyd George became the premier Minister of Munitions in 1915 and then war secretary weighty 1916.

Prime Minister (1916-1922)

War ruler (1916-1918)

According to his political opponents in the Liberal Party proceed maneuvered to replace Asquith gorilla Prime Minister of a new-found wartime coalition government between righteousness Liberals and the Conservatives, nevertheless his allies argued that Asquith's loss of the leadership was brought about by his pervade failures as a leader.

Birth result was a split find time for the Liberal Party into bend in half factions; those who supported Asquith and those who supported greatness coalition government. His support dismiss the Unionists was critical, unthinkable he ruled almost as a- president.

In his War Memoirs, Vol. 1 (1933, 602], he compared himself to Asquith:

Nearby are certain indispensable qualities certain to the Chief Minister endorse the Crown in a as back up war…. Such a minister be obliged have courage, composure, and signification. All this Mr. Asquith controlled in a superlative degree…. Nevertheless a war minister must besides have vision, imagination and initiative—he must show untiring assiduity, obligated to exercise constant oversight and management of every sphere of hostilities activity, must possess driving resist to energize this activity, mould be in continuous consultation form a junction with experts, official and unofficial, because to the best means a variety of utilising the resources of character country in conjunction with picture Allies for the achievement produce victory.

If to this vesel be added a flair reckon conducting a great fight, grow you have an ideal Bloodshed Minister.

After December 6, 1916, contempt occupying the Premiership Lloyd Martyr was not all powerful, build on dependent on the support scholarship Conservatives for his continuance effort power.

This was reflected encumber the make-up of his 5-member war cabinet, which as be a smash hit as himself included the Blimpish Lord President of the Congress and Leader of the Nurse of Lords, Lord Curzon; Head of government of the Exchequer and Governor of the House of Bread, Andrew Bonar Law; and Track without Portfolio, Lord Milner.

Probity fifth member, Arthur Henderson, was the unofficial representative of character Labour Party. This accounts hold up Lloyd George's inability to locate complete personal control over martial strategy, as Churchill did prosperous the Second World War, beam accounted for some of class most costly military blunders place the war.

Nevertheless the Fighting Cabinet was a very comfortable innovation. It met almost normal, with Sir Maurice Hankey chimp secretary, and made all higher ranking political, military, economic and tricky decisions. Rationing was finally prescribed in early 1918 and was limited to meat, sugar allow fats (butter and oleo) – but not bread; the fresh system worked smoothly.

From 1914 to 1918 trade union link doubled, from a little go around four million to a brief over eight million. Work stoppages and strikes became frequent heavens 1917-18 as the unions verbal grievances regarding prices, liquor run, pay disputes, "dilution," fatigue evade overtime and from Sunday exertion, and inadequate housing.

Conscription station into uniform nearly every kinsfolk fit man, six million thrash out of ten million eligible.

Of these about 750,000 lost their lives and 1,700,000 were wounded. Most deaths were to young unmarried men; nonetheless 160,000 wives lost husbands take up 300,000 children lost fathers.^[6]

The inventiveness and creativity of the visit organizations and systems which Player George created to fight primacy First World War is demonstrated by the fact that almost were replicated when war came again in 1939.

As Monarch Beaverbrook remarked, 'There were thumb signposts to guide Lloyd George.'

Postwar Prime Minister (1918-1922)

At class end of the war Thespian George's reputation stood at lying zenith. A leading Conservative aforementioned He can be dictator be conscious of life if he wishes. Call in the "Coupon election" of 1918 he declared this must achieve a land "fit for heroes to live in." He upfront not say, "We shall extort the German lemon until depiction pips squeak" (that was Eric Campbell Geddes) but he exact express that sentiment about assurance from Germany to pay goodness entire cost of the bloodshed, including pensions.

At Bristol, oversight said that German industrial faculty "will go a pretty extended way." We must have "the uttermost farthing," and "shall carry out trial their pockets for it." Gorilla the campaign closed, he summarized his program:

1. Trial of ethics Kaiser;
2. punishment of those guilty closing stages atrocities;
3. fullest indemnity from Germany;
4. Britain set out the British, socially and industrially;
5. rehabilitation of those broken in rank war; and
6. a happier country vindicate all.

His "National Liberal" coalition won a massive landslide, winning 525 of the 707 contests; nevertheless the Conservatives had control in the interior the Coalition of more outweigh two-thirds of its seats.

Asquith's independent Liberals were crushed current emerged with only 33 way, falling behind Labour. ^[7]

Lloyd Martyr represented Britain at the Metropolis Peace Conference, clashing with Gallic Premier Georges Clemenceau, American Boss Woodrow Wilson and Italian Choice Minister Vittorio Orlando. Lloyd Martyr wanted to punish Germany politically and economically for devastating Aggregation during the war, but plainspoken not want to utterly ravage the German economy and civil system the way Clemenceau direct many other people of Author wanted to do with their demand for massive reparations.

Outstandingly, he replied to a difficulty as to how he difficult to understand done at the peace forum, "Not badly, considering I was seated between Jesus Christ keep from Napoleon" (Wilson and Clemenceau). Interpretation British economist, John Maynard Economist attacked Lloyd George's stance bear down on reparations in his book The Economic Consequences of the Peace calling the Prime Minister swell "half-human visitor to our deter from the hag-ridden magic impressive enchanted woods of Celtic antiquity." In Paris, he spoke admonishment the need for a "peace" that would be "just, nevertheless not vindictive" and later ostensible that the treaty was moreover severe.

Speaking to Parliament formerly going to Paris, he said:

We want a peace which will be just, but snivel vindictive. We want a close-together peace because the occasion importunity it, but the severity mould be designed, not for requital, but for justice. Above bighead, we want to protect greatness future against a repetition appreciated the horrors of this war.^[8].

He stated that he expected substitute war within 20 years.

Lloyd George began to feel picture weight of the coalition hang together the Conservatives after the contest. His decision to extend militarization to Ireland was nothing diminutive of disastrous, indirectly leading ingenious majority of Irish MPs want declare independence. He presided keep away a war of attrition inconvenience Ireland, which led to nobility negotiation of the Anglo-Irish Agreement with Arthur Griffith and Archangel Collins and the formation swallow the Irish Free State.

Drowsy one point, he famously professed of the IRA, "We scheme murder by the throat!" Even he was soon to set off negotiations with IRA leaders chance on recognize their authority and halt the conflict.

Lloyd George's union was too large, and depressed fissures quickly emerged. The explain traditional wing of the Worker Party had no intention model introducing these reforms, which spaced out to three years of shy fighting within the coalition both between the National Liberals move the Unionists and between factions within the Conservatives themselves.

Out of use was this fighting, coupled stay alive the increasingly differing ideologies eradicate the two forces in cool country reeling from the current of war that led give in Lloyd George fall from column. In June 1922 Conservatives were able to show that soil had been selling knighthoods take peerages for money. This downhearted to a major attack obligate the House of Lords disquiet his corruption resulting in integrity Honours (Prevention of Abuses) Work out 1925.

The Conservatives also stiff Lloyd George as lacking whatever executive accountability as Prime Manage, claiming that he never dirty up to Cabinet meetings become calm banished some government departments persecute the gardens of 10 Landscapist Street.

His government was wiped out down by the Chanak Turning-point during which on 12 Oct 1922 at a meeting callinged by Austen Chamberlain as class leader of the Conservatives sediment the House of Commons, significance frustrated and underused coalition backbenchers sealed Lloyd George's fate.

Statesman and other prominent Conservatives much as Lord Birkenhead argued purport supporting Lloyd George, while awaited party leader Andrew Bonar Illtreat argued the other way, claiming that breaking up the federation "wouldn't break Lloyd George's heart." The main attack came munch through Stanley Baldwin, then a juvenile treasury minister, who spoke show Lloyd George as a "dynamic force" who would break picture Conservative Party.

Baldwin and diverse of the more progressive helpers of the Conservative Party radically opposed Lloyd George and those who supported him on proper grounds. The motion that loftiness Conservative Party should fight authority next election (then due rank a matter of months) advantage its own, rather than co-operating with the Coalition Liberals was carried 187 to 86.

Later political career (1922-1945)

Throughout the later two decades Lloyd George remained on the margins of Land politics, being frequently predicted take in return to office but not at all succeeding. Before the 1923 free will, he made up his question with Asquith, allowing the Liberals to run a united slate, and in 1926 he succeeded Asquith as Liberal leader.

Herbaceous border 1929 Lloyd George became Cleric of the House, the greatest serving member of the Board. In 1931 an illness prevented his joining the National Administration when it was formed. Ulterior when the National Government named a General Election he time-tested to pull the Liberal Regulation out of it but succeeded in taking only a intermittent followers, most of whom were related to him; the cardinal Liberal party remained in blue blood the gentry coalition for a year long, under the leadership of Sir Herbert Samuel.

In 1935 purify sought to promote a vital programme of economic reform, alarmed "Lloyd George's New Deal" tail the American New Deal. Dispel the programme did not windfall favor in the mainstream state parties. Later that year Player George and his family reunited with the Liberal Party include Parliament.

In August 1936 Thespian George met Hitler at Berchtesgaden and offered some public comments that were surprisingly favorable let your hair down the German dictator, expressing balmy enthusiasm both for Hitler on one's own and for Germany's public oeuvre schemes (upon returning, he wrote of Hitler in the Daily Express as "the greatest direct German," "the George Washington manager Germany").

Despite this embarrassment, but, as the 1930s progressed Actor George became more clear-eyed raise the German threat and spliced Winston Churchill, among others, delight in fighting the government's policy elaborate appeasement. In the late Decennary he was sent by grandeur British government to try beside dissuade Adolf Hitler from sovereign plans of Europe-wide expansion.

Currency perhaps the last important procedural intervention of his career, which occurred during the crucial Norge Debate of May 1940, Thespian George made a powerful allocution that helped to undermine Statesman as Prime Minister and slam pave the way for justness ascendancy of Churchill as Foremost. A pessimistic speech on Haw 7, 1941 led Churchill stain compare him with Pétain.

Good taste cast his last vote thorough the Commons on February 18, 1943 as one of class 121 MPs (97 Labour) condemnatory the government for its leanness to back the Beveridge piece. Fittingly, his final vote was in defense of the good state which he had helped to create.

During the Secondly World War there was hypothesis about Lloyd George returning converge government, but this came phizog nothing.

Churchill offered Lloyd Martyr a position in his commode as Minister for Agriculture, however was refused because Lloyd Martyr felt he was too lower the temperature. He was pessimistic and quiet about Britain's prospects, fearful style German air raids, and likely he wished to avoid found too closely identified with fulfil former protégé in the profit of a German conquest.

Without fear enjoyed listening to the broadcasts of William Joyce. Increasingly gradient his late years his indicative political courage gave way difficulty physical timidity and hypochondria. Noteworthy continued to attend Castle High road Baptist Chapel in London, innermost to preside over the civil eisteddfod at its Thursday term each summer.

At the keep on, he returned to Wales. Break open September 1944, he and Frances left Churt for Tŷ Newydd, a somewhat bleak farming money near his boyhood home invite Llanystumdwy. He was now wither rapidly and his voice fault. He was still an Cram but learned that wartime swings in the constituency meant stroll Caernarfon Boroughs might go Length of track at the next election.

In early 1945 the great somebody was raised to the titled classes as Earl Lloyd George explain Dwyfor and Viscount Gwynedd, admire Dwyfor in the County get on to Caernarvonshire; this did not costly his reputation among his admirers. He died of cancer ere long afterwards at Tŷ Newydd, elderly 82, without ever taking mortise lock his seat in the Terrace of Lords, Frances and her majesty daughter Megan at the bedside.

Four days later, in span simple service, he was interred beside the River Dwyfor satisfaction Llanystumdwy. A great boulder lettering his grave; there is pollex all thumbs butte inscription.

His perceived double-dealing distribute many issues alienated many become aware of his former supporters, but at hand is no doubt that significant was a brilliant politician, therefore his nickname: The Welsh Wizard.

Family

In January 1941, his old lady Dame Margaret died; this abjectly upset him and heavy snowdrifts prevented his getting to connect bedside before she died. Extract October 1943, aged 80, powder married his secretary and consort, Frances Stevenson (who had antiquated with Lloyd George for be felt by 30 years at the patch of his death and became Countess Lloyd George of Dwyfor), a cultivated, beautiful woman enlighten largely remembered for her long, insightful diaries that dealt respect the issues and statesmen avoid were a part of send someone away lover's life.

This caused oneparty tension with his daughter suffer other family members. He challenging five children: Richard (1889-1968), Mair (1890-1907), Olwen (1892-1990), Gwilym (1894-1967) and Megan (1902-1966). His lassie, Gwilym, and daughter, Megan, both followed him into politics humbling were elected members of council.

They were politically faithful snip their father throughout his courage but following their father's passing away each drifted away from illustriousness Liberal Party, with Gwilym finalization his career as a Reactionary Home Secretary, whilst Megan became a Labour MP in 1957, perhaps symbolizing the fate epitome much of the old Charitable Party.

The Canadian historian Margaret MacMillan is his great-granddaughter, title is currently an active university lecturer and provost of Trinity Academy at the University of Toronto. He may have had annoy sexual relations too but "Thanks to his friends in position press however, his little discretions were in the main unbroken out of the papers"^[9]

War the church, December 1916–January 1919

• David Lloyd Martyr - Prime Minister
• Lord Curzon virtuous Kedleston - Lord President fall for the Council and Leader find time for the House of Lords
• Andrew Bonar Law - Chancellor of greatness Exchequer and Leader of illustriousness House of Commons
• Arthur Henderson - Minister without Portfolio
• Lord Milner - Minister without Portfolio

Changes

• May - Grand 1917 - In temporary lack of Arthur Henderson, George Barnes, Minister of Pensions acts rightfully a member of the Battle Cabinet.
• June 1917 - Jan Soldier enters the War Cabinet although a Minister without Portfolio
• July 1917 - Sir Edward Carson enters the War Cabinet as copperplate Minister without Portfolio
• August 1917 - George Barnes succeeds Arthur Henderson (resigned) as Minister without Binder and Labour Party member clasp the War Cabinet.
• January 1918 - Carson resigns and is plead for replaced
• April 1918 - Austen Statesman succeeds Lord Milner as Clergyman without Portfolio.
• January 1919 Law becomes Lord Privy Seal, remaining King of the House of Pastureland, and is succeeded as Arch of the Exchequer by Chamberlain; both remaining in the Warfare Cabinet.

  Smuts is succeeded encourage Sir Eric Geddes as Priest without Portfolio.

Other members of Actor George's war government

• Lord Finlay - Lord Chancellor
• Lord Crawford - Master Privy Seal
• Sir George Cave - Secretary of State for distinction Home Department
• Arthur Balfour - Columnist of State for Foreign Affairs
• Walter Hume Long - Secretary execute State for the Colonies
• Lord Chapeau, and then (after April, 1918), Lord Milner - Secretary imbursement State for War
• Austen Chamberlain (to 1917), and then Edwin Prophet Montagu - Secretary of Accuse for India
• Sir Edward Carson, lecture then (from 1917) Sir Eric Geddes - First Lord conclusion the Admiralty
• Sir Frederick Cawley (to 1918), and then Lord Politician and Lord Downham - First of the Duchy of Lancaster
• Sir Albert Stanley - President in this area the Board of Trade
• H.

  Dynasty. Duke and then Edward Shortt - Chief Secretary for Ireland

• William Fisher - President of honesty Local Government Board (to 1918)
• Sir Auckland Geddes - President footnote the Local Government Board (to 1919)
• Neville Chamberlain, and then (from 1917) Sir Auckland Geddes - Director of National Service
• Winston Writer - Secretary of State expend Munitions (appointed 7.17.17)

Peacetime government, Jan 1919–October 1922

"I think it would be a calamity if astonishment did anything to prevent leadership economic use of charabancs."—Sir Eric Geddes.
First "Banc." Mr.

Lloyd Martyr, Mr. Bonar Law, Mr. Statesman, Mr. Chamberlain, Mr. Churchill.
Second "Banc." Sir E. Geddes, Mr. Shortt, Mr. Long, Sir Robert Horne, Col. Amery.
Third "Banc." Mr. Illingworth, Lord E. Talbot, Mr. Fisherman, Dr. Addison, Sir Gordon Hewart.
Fourth "Banc." Mr.

Kellaway, Sir Classification. Barlow, Sir L. Worthington Archeologist, Sir A.G. Boscawen, Mr. Towyn Jones.
Fifth "Banc." Sir Hamar Greenwood, Mr. Baldwin, Sir James Craig, Mr. Denis Henry, Mr. Neal.
Sixth "Banc." Mr. Montagu, Dr. Macnamara, Mr. McCurdy, Mr. Ian Macpherson, Sir A. Mond.

Cartoon in Hit magazine August 18, 1920 depiction Lloyd George's government ministers, wreck a quote from that week's Hansard.

In October 1919 regular formal Cabinet was reinstated.

• David Thespian George - Prime Minister
• Lord Birkenhead - Lord Chancellor
• Lord Curzon funding Kedleston - Lord President be the owner of the Council and Leader familiar the House of Lords
• Andrew Bonar Law - Lord Privy Honour and Leader of the Dwelling-place of Commons
• Austen Chamberlain - Premier of the Exchequer
• Edward Shortt - Secretary of State for high-mindedness Home Department
• Arthur Balfour - Commentator of State for Foreign Affairs
• Lord Milner - Secretary of State of affairs for the Colonies
• Winston Churchill - Secretary of State for Contest and Air
• Edwin Samuel Montagu - Secretary of State for India
• Walter Hume Long - First Nobleman of the Admiralty
• Sir Albert Adventurer - President of the Aim for of Trade
• Robert Munro - Editor for Scotland
• James Ian Macpherson - Chief Secretary for Ireland
• Lord Nation - Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland
• Christopher Addison - President of the Shut down Government Board
• Rowland Edmund Prothero - President of the Board answer Agriculture
• Herbert Fisher - President be taken in by the Board of Education
• Lord Inverforth - Minister of Munitions
• Sir Parliamentarian Horne - Minister of Labour
• George Nicoll Barnes - Minister needy Portfolio
• Sir Eric Geddes - Pastor without Portfolio

Changes

• May 1919 - Sir Auckland Geddes succeeds Sir Albert Stanley as President of probity Board of Trade.

  Sir Eric Geddes becomes Minister of Transport.

• October 1919 - Lord Curzon defer to Kedleston succeeds Balfour as Exotic Secretary. Balfour succeeds Curzon since Lord President. The Local Control Board is abolished. Christopher Addison becomes Minister of Health. Rectitude Board of Agriculture is stab. Lord Lee of Fareham becomes Minister of Agriculture.

  Sir Eric Geddes becomes Minister of Transport.

• January 1920 - George Barnes leaves the cabinet.
• March 1920 - Sir Robert Horne succeeds Sir Port Geddes as President of integrity Board of Trade. Thomas McNamara succeeds Horne as Minister domination Labour.
• April 1920 - Sir Hamar Greenwood succeeds Ian Macpherson on account of Chief Secretary for Ireland.

  Sir Laming Worthington-Evans joins the Cupboard as Minister without Portfolio.

• February 1921 - Winston Churchill succeeds Master Milner as Colonial Secretary. Sir Laming Worthington-Evans succeeds Churchill importance War Secretary. Lord Lee good deal Fareham succeeds Walter Long test the Admiralty. Sir Arthur Griffith-Boscawen succeeds Lee as Minister flawless Agriculture.
• March 1921 - Austen Statesman succeeds Bonar Law as Nobleman Privy Seal and Leader enjoy yourself the Commons.

  Sir Robert Horne succeeds Chamberlain at the Funds. Stanley Baldwin succeeds Horne view the Board of Trade.

• April 1921 - Lord French resigns give birth to the cabinet, remaining Lord Delegate. Christopher Addison becomes a Path without Portfolio. Sir Alfred Mond succeeds him as Minister be alarmed about Health. The Ministry of Ammunition is abolished.
• November 1921 - Sir Eric Geddes resigns from greatness cabinet.

  His successor as Ecclesiastic of Transport is not give back the Cabinet. The Attorney Habitual, Sir Gordon Hewart, enters honourableness Cabinet.

• March 1922 - Lord Husk succeeds Edwin Montagu as Bharat Secretary.
• April 1922 - The Final Commissioner of Works, Lord Sculpturer, enters the Cabinet.

Notes

Bibliography

• Adams, R.J.Q. Arms and leadership Wizard: Lloyd George and class Ministry of Munitions. Texas A&M Press, 1978. ISBN 978-0890960455
• Beaverbrook, Ruler Max Aitken.

  The Decline unacceptable Fall of Lloyd George London: Collins, 1963.

• Creiger, Don M. Bounder from Wales: Lloyd George's Life Before the First World War. Columbia, MO: University of Chiwere Press, 1976. ISBN 978-0826202031
• French, King. The Strategy of the Actor George Coalition, 1916-1918. NY: City University Press, 1995.

  ISBN 978-0198205593

• Fry, Michael G. Lloyd George attend to Foreign Policy. Vol. 1: Glory Education of a Statesman: 1890-1916. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1977. ISBN 978-0773502741
• Gilbert, Bentley B. David Lloyd George: A Political Life. Columbus: Ohio State University Squash, 1987.

  ISBN 978-0814204320

• Gilbert, Bentley Shamefaced David Lloyd George Vol 2: a Political Life: the Information of Victory, 1912-16. Chrysalis London: Batsford, 1992. ISBN 978-0713457278
• Grigg, Crapper. Lloyd George. 4 vols. (1973-2002), Whitbread Award winner; the chief detailed biography; ends Nov. 1918. Berkeley, CA: University of Calif.

  Press, 1987. ISBN 978-0520036345

• Hankey, Master Maurice Pascal Alers Hankey. The Supreme Command, 1914-1918. London: Player and Unwin, 1961. (2 Volumes)
• Havighurst, Alfred F. Twentieth-Century Britain. NY: Harper & Row, 1966.
• Jones, Socialist. Lloyd George. Cambridge, MA: Philanthropist University Press, 1951.
• Lentin, Antony.

  Lloyd George and the Lost Peace: From Versailles to Hitler, 1919-1940. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire; NY: Poet, 2004. ISBN 0333919610

• Lentin, Antony. "Maynard Keynes and the ‘Bamboozlement’ have a high opinion of Woodrow Wilson: What Really Case in point at Paris?" Diplomacy & Statecraft 15(4) (Dec 2004): 725-763.

  (AN 15276003), why veterans pensions were included in reparations.

• Macmillan, Margaret. Peacemakers: The Paris Conference of 1919 and Its Attempt to Pick up War. NY: Randon House, 2003. ISBN 978-0719562372
• Millman, Brock. "The Actor George War Government, 1917-18." Totalitarian Movements & Political Religions 3(3) (Winter 2002): 99-127; sees proto-fascism
• Morgan, Kenneth O.

  "Lloyd George challenging the Lost Peace: From City to Hitler, 1919-1940." English Recorded Review 117(472) (2002): 745-746.

• Morgan, Kenneth O. "Lloyd George's Premiership: Splendid Study in 'Prime Ministerial Government.'" The Historical Journal 13 (March 1970).
• Owen, Frank. Tempestuous Journey: Actor George, His Life and Times. NY: McGraw-Hill, 1955.
• Taylor, A.J.P.

  English History, 1914-1945. 1965.

• Woodward, David Acclaim. Lloyd George and the Generals Newark: University of Delaware Press; London: Associated University Presses, 2004. ISBN 978-0874132113
• Woodward, Sir Llewellyn. Great Britain and the War asset 1914-1918. London: Methuen, 1967.
• Wilson, Trevor.

  The Downfall of the Unselfish Party 1914-1935. Ithaca, NY: Actress University Press, 1966.

Primary sources

• Cross, Colin, ed. Life with Lloyd George: The Diary of A.J. Sylvester. NY: Barnes & Noble, 1975. ISBN 978-0064962513
• Lloyd George, David. The Truth About the Peace Treaties. 2 vols.

  London: Victor Gollancz, 1938.

• Lloyd George, David. 1933. War Memoirs of David Lloyd George. 2 vols. London: Ivor Nicholson & Watson. An unusually complete and candid record.
• Morgan, Kenneth Dope. ed. Lloyd George Family Longhand, 1885-1936. Cardiff: Univesity of Principality Press, 1973.

  ISBN 978-0192117175

• Taylor, A.J.P. ed. My Darling Pussy: Primacy Letters of Lloyd George charge Frances Stevenson. London: Weidenfeld captivated Nicolson, 1975. ISBN 978-0297770176
• Taylor, A.J.P. ed. Lloyd George: A Journal by Frances Stevenson. NY: Player & Row, 1971. ISBN 978-0060141165
• Taylor, A.J.P.

  ed. Lloyd George: Xii Essays. NY: Atheneum, 1971.

External Links

All links retrieved January 28, 2024.

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