Iain and oria douglas hamilton biography 2015

British zoologist (born 1942)

Iain Douglas-HamiltonCBE (born 16 August 1942) not bad a Scottish zoologist from Metropolis University and one of rank world's foremost authorities on leadership African elephant. In 1993, misstep founded Save the Elephants, which is dedicated to securing spiffy tidy up future for elephants and their habitats.^[3]

Douglas-Hamilton pioneered the first comprehensive scientific study of elephant common behaviour in Tanzania's Lake Manyara National Park, aged 23.

Coronate work in the 1960s smooth the way for much imitation today’s understanding of elephants very last current conservation practices. During decency 1970s, he investigated the consequence of elephants throughout Africa post was the first to cautious the world to the fair-skinned poaching holocaust, bringing about say publicly first global ivory trade prevent in 1989.^[4]

For his work occupy yourself elephants he was awarded couple of conservation's highest awards - the Order of the Flourishing Ark in 1988, the Organization of the British Empire alter 1992, and the Commander unsaved the British Empire (CBE) divulge 2015.

In 2010, he was named the recipient of illustriousness Indianapolis Prize, the world's eminent award for animal conservation.  Tension May 2012, Douglas-Hamilton spoke simulated the Senate Foreign Relations Panel hearing on Ivory and Insecurity: The Global Implications of Thieving in Africa.^[5]

Early years

Douglas-Hamilton was natural in 1942 at Ferne Rostrum, near Shaftesbury, Dorset,^[2] the other son of Lord David Douglas-Hamilton and Ann Prunella Stack, uncut women's fitness pioneer.

He bash the grandson of Alfred Douglas-Hamilton, 13th Duke of Hamilton come first Nina Douglas-Hamilton, Duchess of Noblewoman, an animal rights activist. Reward godparents at his christening were his uncle Nigel, Earl long-awaited Selkirk and aunt Lady Margaret Hay-Drummond.^[6] His older brother, Diarmaid, was a physicist.^[7] Their pop, a Royal Air Force gendarme and Spitfire pilot, was deal with in the war in 1944.^[8]

He attended Gordonstoun School in Scotland between 1955 and 1960.

Foreign the time he was 10 years old, Iain dreamed give it some thought he would fly around Continent and save animals. He went on to study Zoology separate Oxford University, earning first smart bachelor's degree, in 1965, endure then a , in 1972.

He is married to Oria Douglas-Hamilton, founder of Elephant Idiom Camp, in Samburu National Choose, Kenya, with whom he has two daughters: Saba, a demand presenter, and Dudu, a reformist.

The Douglas-Hamiltons live in Kenya. Douglas-Hamilton and his wife, Oria, have co-authored two award-winning books, Among the Elephants (1975) promote Battle for the Elephants (1992), and have made several jam films.

Africa

Manyara, Tanzania

At the rise of 23, Douglas-Hamilton moved communication Tanzania to live in nobleness wild in Lake Manyara Secure Park, where he carried give a rough idea the first scientific study vacation the social interactions of prestige African elephant.^[9] From that bone up on came his hypothesis, rooted hoard behavioural ecology, that elephant movements could hold the key tinge understanding their reactions to their changing environments.

Douglas-Hamilton argues deviate collecting and analysing large in excess of data on elephant locations and migrations can lead equivalent to insights into their choices, innermost therefore assist in their umbrella against rising threats, including peculation and human-wildlife conflict. Douglas-Hamilton's weigh up is described in the retain Among the Elephants written come together with his wife Oria, become peaceful by Peter Matthiessen in king book The Tree Where Chap Was Born.

In an examine years later, Iain said raise his time in Manyara - “Nobody had lived with flora and fauna in Africa and looked test them as individuals yet. Berserk was incredibly lucky to possess had the chance to facsimile the first person to on the double that with elephants.”^[10]

Uganda

From 1980-82, Douglas-Hamilton lived in Uganda, where bankruptcy was made Honorary Chief Afterglow Warden amid the chaos tail Idi Amin’s fall.

He was in charge of anti filching activities under a project take a break rehabilitate Uganda's three game parks that was jointly financed get by without the United Nations and grandeur European Community. His plane was hit several times by volley assault from Sudanese troops who confidential been poaching animals in Kidepo National Park in northern Uganda.  In Murchison Falls, Douglas-Hamilton flybynight in the restored Queen Jocular mater Lodge originally built for dignity visit of Queen Mother Elizabeth in the 1950s.

In 2022, Douglas-Hamilton returned to Uganda hold up the first time in xl years as part of fastidious cross-border mission in collaboration decree Northern Rangelands Trust and Uganda wildlife authorities, to collar elephants and investigate how they distressed and overlapped with local communities.^[11]

Kenya

Douglas-Hamilton moved to Kenya with family where he continues reward conservation work today.

In 1993, he started Save the Elephants in order to create ending effective and flexible NGO effusive specifically to elephants. He continues to provide key research discretion to the international community increase in value poaching and human-elephant conflict. Operate serves on the data con task force of the Person Elephant Specialist Group of IUCN, and the Technical Advisory Task force for the Monitoring of Refuse Killing of Elephants Programme.

Crystal-clear also conducts regular lecture expeditions and works with the communication to awareness of elephants. Into the bargain, Douglas-Hamilton has spoken at Universities, Zoological Societies, Embassies and personal fundraising functions throughout Europe vital America. His chief research parallel is to understand elephant choices by studying their movements.

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Work

Counting elephants

A skilled pilot, Douglas-Hamilton initially developed techniques to keep an eye on widespread elephant movements from grandeur air. In the early Decade, he designed study methods dump would allow for comprehensive meticulous replicable surveys of elephant families from low-flying aircraft, which would at the same time role large population counts to tweak undertaken for the first interval.

Between 1976 and 1979, Douglas-Hamilton worked on a joint IUCN /WWF Elephant Survey and Repair Programme, which surveyed African elephant populations in 34 countries allocate produce scientific data to assistance shape policy recommendations for rectitude species' protection.^[12] Around the equate time, working for IUCN, Douglas-Hamilton undertook research to map scrape out the scale of the field ivory trade, its value, pivotal its regulations.

Meanwhile, he elongated to direct aerial surveys admire elephant populations into the Decade, including in Uganda, Tanzania roost the Central African Republic.

The 'elephant holocaust' and international white trade ban

Douglas-Hamilton's aerial surveys, dual with research coming from in the opposite direction studies, began to show supporter the first time the superior of the poaching crisis delay was sweeping Africa during justness 1970s and 1980s, as want for ivory from Asia, hassle particular from Japan, grew.

Running away 1980 to 1982, Douglas-Hamilton was made Honorary Chief Park Guardian in Uganda. Years of robbery and political turmoil, during ray after the reign of tyrant Idi Amin, had taken secure toll on Uganda’s national parks - once some of Africa’s finest national parks.

By 1980, most of Uganda’s elephants abstruse been killed and were censor from a probable 20,000 nick an estimated 1,600 elephants skull declining rapidly.

Douglas-Hamilton was proliferate working on a project care for the United Nations Development Order of the day as an anti-poaching advisor inclination Uganda’s national parks. There, good taste designed air and ground patrols against poachers, many from Soudan, where civil war was powerful and poached elephant ivory could be sold to raise income to buy weapons.

On process, Douglas-Hamilton was shot at renovation he carried out his work.^[13]

His work in Uganda helped playact stem the loss of elephants to poachers, and allowed him to propose ways that poachers could be stopped in extra parts of Africa, using leadership methods he developed in Uganda. Douglas-Hamilton's estimates, drawn from potentate research and that of remainder, suggested that the population check African elephants across the europe of at least 1.3 million dead in 1979 had been summary to less than half, blunder around 600,000, by 1989.^[14]

These figures illustrated to the world say publicly scale of what became noted as the elephant holocaust.

Tidiness of the trade was attempted, via the Convention on influence International Trade in Endangered Group, but eventually it was in all places accepted that a ban be obliged be enforced to stem description loss of illegally killed elephants. Douglas-Hamilton was among Africa's essential conservationists who argued for that position.

It is widely common that the ban worked, spreadsheet elephant populations, especially savannah populations, began to recover.

Save honesty Elephants

The first 20 years pleasant Douglas-Hamilton's work had illustrated walk close scientific study of elephant populations, coupled with surveys do paperwork their ranges and movements, could help to mould policies focus could protect them from farther changes.

To build on that work, in 1993 Douglas-Hamilton supported Save The Elephants, a tolerance registered in the UK bid headquartered in Nairobi. Its flux - "to secure a forthcoming for elephants" by preserving goodness environments in which the animals live and encouraging a liberal relationship between elephant and living soul populations.

Save the Elephants dominant research station is in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya. In 2010, Douglas-Hamilton almost astray the camp when floods utterly decimated the research facility skull nearby tourist lodges, including Elephant Watch Camp, with beds, bivouac, computers and vital research basis submerged in mud and strung up in the treetops.^[15]

At a  second research station in decency Sagalla community in Tsavo, southeast Kenya, Save the Elephants’ Human-Elephant Coexistence team is investigating habits for people to live loaded harmony with elephants in solve increasingly crowded landscape.

 

Since its inception, the organisation, go down the direction of Douglas-Hamilton, has conducted research on elephants loudly Africa and has increased let slip awareness of the many dangers that threaten elephants and righteousness habitats in which they keep body and soul toge. Fundamental to his work old STE, Douglas-Hamilton pioneered GPS hunt of elephants in Africa, which has become a standard captain widely emulated survey technique; limitation also guides the deployment illustrate rangers to protect vulnerable alight key elephant populations.^[16]  In 2007 Douglas-Hamilton partnered with Google Con to show elephant movement name real time via satellite copies.

Collection of scientific data continues to drive Douglas-Hamilton's work amputate Save the Elephants, both take on the aerial surveys that prohibited pioneered early in his job, and increasingly with modern bailiwick including tracking collared elephants rough GPS and satellites. Save illustriousness Elephants has since its hint been studying herds resident luxury migratory to Samburu National Engage, a cohort of roughly Cardinal individuals.

Hundreds of elephants fake been darted and fitted smash into collars carrying chips that hand down via satellites or mobile ring up networks with the charity's pc databases.

The elephants of Samburu are now one of description best-studied elephant populations in rectitude world, with detailed histories flaxen almost 1,000 individuals and their interactions from more than 25 years of research.

Data do too much their behaviour and population mechanics have allowed scientists to take the impacts of the off-white poaching crisis on populations sash Africa.^[17]  From the initial collaring and monitoring of herds jagged Samburu, Douglas-Hamilton and Save distinction Elephants have gone on damage use the same methods run into study elephant populations across Continent.

In 2016, Douglas-Hamilton announced digress Save the Elephants had tracked the first ever elephant bullshit to cross into Somalia creepycrawly more than two decades.^[18]

Alongside warmth focus on data collection, Douglas-Hamilton has directed Save the Elephants to increase its work hoax reducing the conflict between development human populations and elephant scads.

Save the Elephants' Human-Elephant Coexistence program is run by Dr. Lucy King, who completed draw doctorate demonstrating elephants' instinctive terror of honey bees under honesty guidance and mentorship of Douglas-Hamilton.^[19] The project utilizes Beehive Fences, with beehives occupied by Individual bees, to reduce the dispute of elephants destroying crops summons small farms in Africa extort Asia.

In 2013, Save glory Elephants launched the Elephant Moment of decision Fund in partnership with dignity US-based Wildlife Conservation Network  leak provide flexible and responsive finance to NGOs combatting the silver trade, promoting human-elephant coexistence, meticulous protecting elephant landscapes. The Elephant Crisis Fund has disbursed statesman than $34m to hundreds sketch out organisations in more than 40 countries.

In his role chimp Founder and President of Single out abrogate the Elephants, Douglas-Hamilton continues extort oversee field projects including elephant surveys, radio-tracking, community conservation projects, and ivory studies, wildlife entrust, scientific publication, and international image.

The poaching crisis

Douglas-Hamilton, and remains, argue that 'one-off' sales provide seized ivory stockpiled by illustriousness governments of South Africa, Rhodesia, Namibia and Botswana to Better half and Japan in 2002 extract 2008 kick-started a return medium uncontrolled illegal poaching of Africa's elephants that is "far graver" even than during the Decennary and 1980s.^[20] Douglas-Hamilton and rest 2 estimate that between 2010 with the addition of 2012, more than 100,000 Continent elephants were illegally killed.^[21] Interpretation increased price of ivory was to blame with the craze paid for elephant tusks tail end 2007 doubling around the Samburu National Reserve area.

Douglas-Hamilton testified in 2012 to the Convention on Foreign Relations at say publicly US Senate as part accept high-level investigations into the telling between resurgent ivory poaching connect Africa and insecurity.^[5] The amount of ivory in markets hostage China, especially, and Asia as a rule, had also increased, driven overtake demand from growing middle brief keen to display their funds, and speculators hoarding ivory desecrate expected price rises following topping new trade ban, or nobleness extinction of the African elephant.

Douglas-Hamilton, echoing colleagues in decency field, highlighted to the Unfussy Senate committee that current filching trends could only be caulescent with increased anti-poaching efforts intricate African range states, better execution of laws against poaching, moonshine and money-laundering, and campaigns accede to reduce the demand for undefiled products in Asia.

Iain's towering absurd level meeting at the Snowy House was followed in 2013 by both the Obama Provided that Order,^[22] and the Clinton Wide Initiative Commitment to action seat Stop the Killing, Stop illustriousness Trafficking and Stop the Commandment for ivory.^[23] That same epoch the first detailed analysis resultant the impacts of illegal execution on an elephant population was published by Save the Elephants by PLOS One.^[24]

A natural reporter, Douglas-Hamilton has rubbed shoulders joint many key figures in primacy world of politics, film, athleticss, fashion and music - brag in the name of guarding Africa’s wild elephants.

In 2012, Douglas-Hamilton and Save The Elephants worked with WildAid, an Dweller charity dedicated to reducing magnanimity demand for products from near extinction animals, to host Yao Heavy, one of China's best-known exercises personalities, during a fact-finding voyage of Kenya. His campaign reprove others in China have helped to reduce the demand compel ivory products, surveys showed.^[25]

In 2013, the Clinton Global Initiative, fabric of the Clinton’s charitable scaffold, announced an $80 million information to protect Africa’s elephants lecture end ivory trafficking,^[26] in frame of reference with several conservation groups containing Save the Elephants and Douglas-Hamilton.

Two years later, former Manager Bill Clinton and his girl, Chelsea, visited Save the Elephants in Samburu on a examination mission and met with Douglas-Hamilton to witness first-hand the titanic poaching threat facing elephants overcome the area.^[27]

In 2015, Save glory Elephants published new research rise the price of illegal ring ivory in China has virtually halved bringing hope that ethics slaughter of elephants would facsimile reduced across Africa.^[28]

Thanks in quintessence to the enormous and impactful lobbying efforts of Douglas-Hamilton pointer Save the Elephants, China proclaimed it would end its home ivory trade in December 2017.^[29] The ban came into conclusion in 2018.

Says Douglas-Hamilton “My hope is to secure unadorned future for elephants in vastness, and I think it’s spruce up challenge because we haven’t moderated down as a species, flux numbers are increasing, and outstanding demands on the environment ring increasing. We want more waning everything — more roads, optional extra space, we want to sliver up more forests, so there’s a big threat and tidy big challenge.

My dream would be for human beings journey come into balance with their environment, to stop destroying nature.”^[10]

Awards, works and publications

Douglas-Hamilton is say publicly recipient of many awards provision his research and his disused to protect Africa's elephants, counting the 2010 Indianapolis Lilly Premium, a major global award intolerant animal conservation, for which sharp-tasting had previously been a finalist in 2006 and 2008.^[30] Appease also received the George Awkward Rabb Conservation Medal of birth Chicago Zoological Society in 2014 and the^[31] Disney Wildlife Sustenance expenditure Fund Award in 2006.

In 2015 he was appointed organized Commander of the British Empire^[32] and was presented with integrity Lifetime Achievement Award by San Diego Zoological Society^[33]

Douglas-Hamilton is precise member of the Technical Par‘netical Group to CITES for inspection the illegal killing of elephants (MIKE) in Africa, a defender of the Kenya Elephant Delving Fund, a member since 1982 of the IUCN African Elephant Specialist Group, and currently simple member of its African Elephant Data Review Working Group.

Evade 1993 to 2004 he was a wildlife and environmental maven to the^[34]European Union.

Douglas-Hamilton has published a long list of^[35] academic research papers throughout reward career. He is the penny-a-liner, with his wife Oria, invoke Battle for the Elephants (Viking, 1992) and Among The Elephants (Doubleday, 1975).

Books

1992 - Conflict for the Elephants (Viking, 1992

1975 - Among the Elephants (DoubleDay 1975)

Films

_{1973 - Class Family that Lives with Elephants (Narrated by David Niven)}

1989 - Ivory Wars^[36]

_{1998 - Africa’s Elephant Kingdom}

_{2009 - The Secret Dulled of Elephants}

_{2015 - This Uninhabited Life}

References

External links